Toma de decisiones en el uso de sistemas de fijación absorbibles en cirugías maxilofaciales: revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v10i7.5356Palabras clave:
Placas Óseas, Dispositivos de Fijación Quirúrgicos, Implantes AbsorbiblesResumen
Introducción: Las fracturas de los huesos faciales son muy frecuentes en las lesiones faciales, especialmente las fracturas mandibulares. Para poder tratarlos es necesario disponer de un sistema de fijación con el fin de restaurar el hueso fracturado, su forma y función. Objetivo: Identificar los factores que influyen en el uso de sistemas de fijación absorbible en cirugía oral maxilofacial. Material y método: Se trata de una revisión sistemática realizada en las bases de datos MEDLINE, BBO y SciELO, de agosto de 2019 a septiembre de 2020 en los portales de PubMed y VHL. Entre los 322 hallazgos y luego de utilizar filtros, leer títulos y resúmenes, se incluyeron 30 artículos para componer la revisión. Resultados: Los hallazgos del estudio revelan que existen una serie de factores que influyen en la elección del mejor material, tales como: su aplicación en pacientes pediátricos o adultos, la palpabilidad de las placas, la resistencia, las principales medidas de satisfacción, la implicación con enfermedades malignas, complicaciones y las principales novedades que ha venido discutiendo la literatura sobre el tipo de material. Conclusión: Se recomienda el uso de placas absorbibles para uso pediátrico, ya que minimizan las restricciones de crecimiento, prescinden de la necesidad de cirugía secundaria, reduciendo así los gastos hospitalarios. Además, las placas biodegradables dan como resultado pruebas de imagen con menos artefactos, de modo que no comprometen el diagnóstico em pacientes con neoplasias.
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