Impacto do controle glicêmico sobre as complicações associadas ao diabetes mellitus na osseointegração
Abstract
O aumento da prevalência de indivíduos diabéticos tem se tornado um problema de saúde pública. Diabetes mellitus é considerada uma doença metabólica caracterizada por aumento nos níveis de glicose plasmática. Ela prejudica o equilíbrio fisiológico da utilização de carboidratos pelos tecidos. A hiperglicemia persistente pode produzir efeitos deletérios sobre a formação óssea devido a complicação microvascular. O presente artigo faz uma revisão da bibliografia que liga o Impacto do controle glicêmico sobre as complicações associadas ao diabetes mellitus na osseointegração. Em modelos experimentais de diabetes foi observada uma redução do nível de contato osso-implante. Essa falha pode ser reduzida por meio de controle de hiperglicemia. Além disso, vários estudos apontam o efeito benéfico do implante revestido sobre o processo de osseointegração. É necessário ter em consideração um cuidado especial para a colocação de implantes em pacientes diabéticos e melhorar as percentagens de sobrevivência do implante. Um controle rigoroso da glicemia plasmática, juntamente com outras medidas, como a ausência de complicações crônicas, uma boa higiene bucal e acompanhamento médico regular tem sido relacionado ao aumento das percentagens de sucesso em pacientes diabéticos.Descritores: Complicações do Diabetes; Implantes Dentários; Metabolismo; Osseointegração.
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