Dento-Alveolar Trauma: Hard Dental Tissues, Polpa and Alveolar Process
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v11i1.5386Keywords:
Tooth Injuries, Diagnosis, TherapeuticsAbstract
Introduction: Crown fractures are the most common of all traumatic dento-alveolar injuries and mainly affect the anterior permanent teeth. They are classified as enamel fracture, enamel / dentin fracture with or without pulp exposure, coronary root fractures and root fractures. Objective: To carry out a literature review about injuries to the hard tissues of the teeth and pulp, highlighting from clinical and etiological aspects to treatment. In addition, in the present study, fractures of the alveolar process and aspects related to immobilization of the dento-alveolar traumas they need will also be described. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed / Medline, Scielo and Google academic databases, using publications from the last 10 years as a filter. The search was carried out with previously selected descriptors. The research took place in 3 phases and the articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Lesions to dental hard tissues and pulp can be classified from a simple crack of enamel where there is no loss of dental tissue to root fractures where treatment can be complex and even require immobilization of the affected tooth. Fractures of the alveolar process are often associated with dental trauma and may require a more complex approach than simpler fractures. Conclusion Fractures of the dental and pulp hard tissues are the most commonly found within all injuries caused by dento-alveolar trauma. It is important that the professional performs an adequate diagnosis as well as monitoring these injuries.
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