Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Soft Palate: Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v11i2.5537Keywords:
Mouth Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Palate, SoftAbstract
Carcinoma of the mucosa of the soft palate and oropharynx is often diagnosed late. The size of the tumor is typically larger than that of carcinomas located more previously as in the lip, tongue and alveolar rim region. As a rule, the more posterior or lower the location of the oropharyngeal tumor, the greater the lesion and the chance of dissemination. This study aims to report the case of a male melanoderma patient, 68 years old, who attended the Dental Polyclinic of UEA with the complaint of "swollen face" with three months of evolution. During the anamnesis, he reported living in the municipality of Anori, with a history of smoking and alcohol consumption. On clinical examination, a verrucous lesion was observed, with endophytic, leucoerythrospinal areas and extensive areas of necrosis, located in the soft palate region invadind by the oropharynx. The sample collected was sent for histopathological evaluation at the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Service of the Amazonas State University (SEPAT/UEA), which confirmed the diagnostic hypothesis of well-differentiated Squamous Cell Carcinoma. After confirming the diagnosis, the patient was referred to the Amazonas State Oncology Control Center Foundation (FCECON-AM) where he died before the beginning of treatment.
Downloads
References
Rivera C. Essentials of oral cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015;8(9):11884-94.
Döbróssy L. Epidemiology of head and neck cancer: magnitude of the problem. Cancer and Metastasis Rev. 2005;24:9-17.
Feller L, Chandran R, Khammissa RAG, Meyerov R, Lemmer J. Alcohol and oral squamous cell carcinoma: clinical review. SADA. 2013;68(4):176-80.
Liang C, Marsit CJ, Houseman EA, Butler R, Nelson HH, McClean MD et al. Gene–environment interactions of novel variants associated with head and neck cancer. Head Neck. 2012;34(8):1111-18.
Galbiatti ALS, Padovani-Junior JA, Maníglia JV, Rodrigues CDS, Pavarino EC, Goloni-Bertollo EM. Head and neck cancer: causes, prevention and treatment. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2013; 79(2):239-47.
Al-Jaber A, Al-Nasser L, El-Metwally A. Epidemiology of oral cancer in Arab countries. Saudi Med J.2016;37(3):249-55.
Castagnola P, Gandolfo S, Malacarne D, Aiello C, Marino R, Zoppoli G et al. DNA aneuploidy relationship with patient age and tobacco smoke in OPMDs/OSCCs. PLos ONE. 2017; 12(9):e0184425.
Phillips DH, Venitt S. DNA and protein adducts in human tissues resulting from exposure to tobacco smoke. Int J Cancer. 2012;131(12):2733-53.
Warnakulasuriya S, Sutherland G, Scully C. Tobacco, oral cancer, and treatment of dependence. Oral Oncol. 2005;41(3):244-60.
Fernandes JP, Brandão VDSG, de Lima AAS. Prevalência de lesões cancerizáveis bucais em indivíduos portadores de alcoolismo. Rev bras cancerol. 2008;54(3), 239-44.
Mello FW, Melo G, Pasetto JJ, Silva CAB, Warnakulasuriya S, Rivero ERC. The synergistic effect of tobacco and alcohol consumption on oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(7):2849-59.
Mendonça DWR, da Conceicao HC, de Lima GG, de Fátima Araújo M, Cabral LN, Pinheiro TN. Carcinoma espinocelular em assoalho bucal: relato de caso. Arch Health Invest. 2019;8(11):711-16.
Jiang S, Dong Y. Human papillomavirus and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review of HPV-positive oral squamous cell carcinoma and possible strategies for future. Curr Probl Cancer. 2017;41(5):323-27.
Xavier SD, Bussoloti Filho I, Lancellotti CLP. Prevalência de achados sugestivos de papilomavírus humano (HPV) em biópsias de carcinoma espinocelular de cavidade oral e orofaringe: estudo preliminar. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2005;71:510-19.
Yete S, D'Souza W, Saranath D. High-risk human papillomavirus in oral cancer: clinical implications. Oncology. 2018;94(3):133-41.
Ganly I, Yang L, Giese RA, Hao Y, Nossa CW, Morris LG et al. Periodontal pathogens are a risk factor of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, independent of tobacco and alcohol and human papillomavirus. Int J Cancer. 2019;145(3):775-84.
Chan CK, Han AY, Alonso JE, Xu MJ, Mallen-St Clair J, Heaton CM et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the soft palate in the United States: a population-based study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;159(4):662-68.
Zuydam AC, Lowe D, Brown JS, Vaughan ED, Rogers SN. Predictors of speech and swallowing function following primary surgery for oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(5):428-37.
Abu Rass NAA, Surougi ER, Baheydarah SM, Baroom AH, ALGhamdi H, AlTuwayjiri HK et al. Neoplasms of the palate: a review. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2018;70(8):1393-400.
PĂtru A, Şurlin V, MĂrgĂritescu C, CiucĂ E, MĂrgĂritescu OC, Camen A. Palate Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Ten-Year Single Institute Experience. Curr Health Sci J. 2020;46(4):358.
Brener S, Jeunon FA, Barbosa AA, Grandinetti HDAM. Carcinoma de células escamosas bucal: uma revisão de literatura entre o perfil do paciente, estadiamento clínico e tratamento proposto. Rev bras cancerol. 2007;53(1):63-9.
Panzarella V, Pizzo G, Calvino F, Compilato D, Colella G, Campisi G. Diagnostic delay in oral squamous cell carcinoma: the role of cognitive and psychological variables. Int J Oral Sci. 2014;6(1):39-45.
Lawal AO, Adisa AO, Effiom OA. A review of 640 oral squamous cell carcinoma cases in Nigeria. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017;9(6):e767.
Tomo S, Mainardi EC, Boer NP, Simonato LE. Avaliação do conhecimento dos cirurgiões dentistas em relação ao câncer de boca. Arch Health Sci. 2015;22(2):46-50.
Dedivitis RA, França CM, Mafra ACB, Guimarães FT, Guimarães AV. Clinic and epidemiologic characteristics in the with squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth and oropharynx. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2004; 70(1):35-41.
dos Santos MAL, de Oliveira Rocha A, Lima BNS, de Almeida IR, da Mota Santana LA, dos Anjos LM, Takeshita WM. Carcinoma epidermoide de palato mole: uma revisão narrativa com ênfase nos critérios diagnósticos. RSD.2020;9(11):e36191110012.
Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE. Patologia Oral e Maxilofacial. Trad. 3ª Ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 2009.
Souza YDL, Pinheiro TN, Cabral LN. Câncer de língua x trauma crônico e xerostomia: há relação? Arch Health Invest.2021;10(3):414-18.
Gaetti-Jardim EC, Rossi AC, Santiago-Junior JF, Shinohara EH, Castro AL, Miyahara GI et al. Carcinoma espinocelular: a importância do diagnóstico precoce. Rev Uningá. 2010;24(1).
De Almeida PASM, Catão MDFM, Da Costa LJ. Fatores relacionados ao diagnóstico tardio do câncer de boca no estado da Paraíba–Brasil: relatos de pacientes portadores. Braz Dent Sci. 2009;12(4):18-24.
Jotz GP, Damazzini R, Deboni M, Dreher MV, Dias J, Deboni AL et al. Prognóstico em dois anos do câncer de cavidade oral. Rev bras cir cabeça pescoço. 2007;36(3):146-51.