Estudio de la técnica de inmunohistoquímica para evaluar la microvascularización causada por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) en el cáncer de pene
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v13i10.6479Palabras clave:
Moduladores de la Angiogénesis, Biomarcadores, Prevención de EnfermedadesResumen
El carcinoma de pene (CaPe) ocurre predominantemente en regiones menos desarrolladas del mundo. Entre sus factores de riesgo se encuentran la mala higiene genital, la fimosis y la infección por VPH (virus del papiloma humano). La activación angiogénica es esencial para la supervivencia de las células neoplásicas, pero no hay datos sobre este proceso en el CaP. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo revisar y correlacionar la infección por VPH con el proceso angiogénico en el CaP. Se analizaron 66 artículos con diagnóstico de carcinoma epidermoide de pene, diagnosticados entre 1994 y 2017, con presencia de VPH. Se revisaron los marcadores CD34, CD31 y CD105 y los factores proangiogénicos (VEGF, VEGFR1 y VEGFR2). Sólo la neoangiogénesis, marcada por CD105, fue más pronunciada en los casos asociados con el VPH de alto riesgo. Esto apunta a un mecanismo adyuvante de neoangiogénesis promovido o facilitado por este virus. Además, otros marcadores como VEGF, VEGFR1 y VEGFR2 no fueron significativos en los artículos analizados, y no hubo unanimidad respecto al uso de p16INK4a como marcador de VPH.
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