Evaluation of the Oral Use of Pycnogenol and Polypodium Leucotomos as Prophylactic Therapy for Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation after Skin Sublimation by Plasma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v14i11.6707Keywords:
Nutraceuticals, Skin, Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation, Cosmetic ProceduresAbstract
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common reaction observed in various cosmetic procedures, such as plasma energy skin resurfacing treatments, which aim to reduce excess skin in the periorbital region of the eyes. For the treatment of PIH, the use of nutraceuticals such as oral photoprotectors Pycnogenol and Polypodium Leucotomos is prescribed, which promise antioxidant actions, but their mechanism of action and clinical efficacy are not scientifically proven. In view of this, this randomized, controlled, triple-blind clinical study evaluated the effect of the isolated and/or combined use of Pycnogenol and Polypodium Leucotomos in the prevention of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation resulting from plasma skin sublimation on the upper and lower eyelids. Fifty-five participants were recruited and randomly divided into four groups: G1 (n=13) – control/placebo; G2 (n=14) – 50 mg of Pycnogenol; G3 (n=15) - 250 mg of Polypodium Leucotomos; and G4 (n=13) - 50 mg of Pycnogenol + 250 mg of Polypodium Leucotomos. The experiment was monitored at three evaluation times: baseline (T0) – start of nutraceutical use; T1 – evaluation at 30 days and plasma sublimation on the eyelids; and T2 – evaluation at 60 days after the start of the experiment. The results were evaluated by photographs, topography by Antera® 3D, evaluating skin pigmentation and small wrinkles, and by the validated Face-QTM questionnaire for skin satisfaction, psychosocial disorders related to appearance, and adverse events related to the skin. The data were statistically analyzed considering a significance level of p = 0.05. The photographic evaluation was performed by 10 blind professionals specializing in the field, who indicated that only groups G3 and G4 had the best scores (p < 0.001), indicating excellent improvement in skin blemishes. In the topographic analysis, no differences were found between the mean pigmentation values between the groups (p = 0.837), regardless of the time and duration of evaluation (p = 0.630), as well as in the relative variation in pigmentation (p = 0.511). However, a significant increase in pigmentation variation was observed at 60 days (T2) only in group G2 – Pycnogenol (p = 0.040), when compared to the initial value. For the small wrinkle parameters, there was no significant difference between the groups and times evaluated T0 (p = 0.472), T1 (p = 0.484), and T2 (p = 0.641). Finally, after 60 days (p < 0.001), according to Face-Q(TM)for skin satisfaction, participants' perception was higher than at T0, with no change in psychosocial disorders related to appearance and adverse skin events. The conclusion indicates that oral intake of Pycnogenol and Polypodium Leucotomos did not affect the prevention of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation caused by plasma skin sublimation on the upper and lower eyelids.
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